Over the past five years IT has come of age. Performance levels are high, software works better and advances in communications networks now allow information to be used everywhere.

In today’s competitive environment, it’s not enough to know just who your customers are.

Knowing where they are is equally important, especially if you are providing a service that is location-based, such as power, communication services, deliveries/ pick-ups, or an on-site service such as building inspections or maintenance.

Advances in GPS-based (global positioning system) fleet-management solutions have made it much easier to track where your vehicles are at any given time. Now, with similar advances in GIS (geographic information system) technology and geo-coding/address matching, you can see exactly where your customers are located too.

“Putting your customers on the map isn’t very hard at all,” says Luigi Cappel, business development manager at GeoSmart Map, an AA subsidiary and New Zealand’s leading geospatial solutions provider, “ – especially if you know their street address.”

“Geo-coding gives you the x y coordinates of their location, which, in turn, allows you to accurately place them on the map. Once you have their location mapped, you can do so much more than just see where they are. You can group customers by areas – say, a franchise territory, sales territory or service area – so, when they contact your call centre, you can see immediately which salesperson they should be speaking to or which dispatch depot is closest. So, not only can you give them better information faster over the telephone, but you can also improve your response times – always an advantage in improving customer relationships.” But you do have to pay attention to the details.

“While the actual geo-coding process is relatively easy, it is essential that the address data is clean and consistent,” says David Swann, business development director – GIS at Eagle Technology, which distributes leading GIS solution ArcGIS.

“Inconsistencies in the address database, no matter how trivial, might lead to errors in the geo-coding process. While this might not be an issue for general work, it could be a major problem if used for emergency services. So, if you are planning to use locational data for key applications, the more accurate the address system, the more accurate the geocoding.”

Pre-sales customer service
The best way to keep customers happy is to sell them the right products and services in the first place.

Mapping applications – when combined with socio-economic data provided by the Department of Statistics – can help companies pinpoint neighbourhoods that have the optimal demographics for particular goods or services.

“Target marketing using GIS capabilities has been around for a long time,” says GeoSmart’s Cappel.

“But it is only relatively recently that it has become cost-effective for smaller businesses. In the past, the costs of the data and application development have been a barrier to more widespread adaptation of the technology. But now, with more liberal data-licensing, businesses can use the same target-marketing techniques that were once the exclusive domain of larger organisations.”

CRM, GIS and GPS
Maintaining and improving customer relationships can be enhanced with the addition of GPS. GPS, originally developed to provide location coordinates for the US military, has been adapted for a multitude of applications including surveying, vehicle theft prevention and in-car navigation.

But one of the most interesting applications is in fleet management and service delivery.

It is relatively easy to install GPS in a service delivery vehicle. A GPS transmitter, which sends out and receives synchronised signals to an array of satellites overhead, can calculate a vehicle’s exact location. It then transmits this locational information to the main GPS receiver, where it is then ‘mapped’ onto a digital database and displayed as an icon.

With a well-developed CRM/GIS/GPS solution, customer service representatives can track where a service delivery vehicle is located – thanks to the GPS transmitter – and give customers much more accurate estimates of when they can expect deliveries.

Similarly, the CRM representative can allocate jobs – in the case of a mobile sales representative, maintenance or security staff – to the vehicle closest to the customer.

Linking maps to CRM
Adding mapping capabilities to CRM packages is right at the cutting edge of improving customer services. “We have developed a set of APIs (application programming interfaces) that you can plug directly into most of the leading commercially available CRM packages,” says Cappel.

“These APIs give you the ability in integrate a map interface that can be displayed inside the CRM application. You can control the type of map information you see – streets and roads, addresses, customer locations, depots and other points – as well as user-defined areas (known in mapping jargon as polygons). Operators can open the map interface directly from their CRM application with a click of a button, take care of their particular task and then return to the CRM application.”

The growing use of service orientated architecture (SOA) is adding another option for linking GIS to CRM.

“With a SOA approach,” says Eagle’s Swann, “you can add the ability to perform map analyses – for instance, buffering or selecting points based on specific criteria – as opposed to a simple map interface. It is this analysis capability that will allow operators to get the most benefit from their GIS databases. The model behind so-called ‘Web 2.0’ supports twoway communication between the browser and with the server. SOA strengthens that two-way communication to not just query a database but to generate new information. It is this analytical capability that provides a much richer user experience.”

“The SOA approach to embedding map services into enterprise software such as CRM is the next big thing in application development and delivery,” says Swann.

“Almost all the major enterprise application vendors offer some level of SOA integration so that you can plug in rich interfaces to extend the functionality of that application. GIS is a perfect example. By offering advanced GIS map services as a SOA extension, organisations have that much more flexibility when it comes to adding additional value to their IT investments, especially in such areas as BI (business intelligence) and CRM. This combination of software and services is one of the major trends in application development today and offers a tremendous opportunity to build solutions that align IT capabilities with business requirements.”

Clouds on the horizon?
Taking your customer relationship management capabilities to the next level – by integrating GIS and GPS-based services – is a step that can pay dividends in the mid- to long-term, especially if you take advantage of newer service delivery models such as cloud computing.

One of the advantages of cloud computing is that enhancements can be added in the background and then offered to users without any major dramas.

In the past, upgrades and enhancements usually entailed a lot of work, as well as requiring additional computing power and application development. And then there was always the hidden danger that any change in the IT structure might have unanticipated results. However, with the cloud computing or SaaS (Software as a Service) model nothing in the office changes except the browser interface.

According to a recent IDC report, Asia/Pacific (Excluding Japan) Services Top 10 Predictions 2009, “The low upfront capital outlay and the simplicity of scaling up and down in typical SaaS offerings have attracted a lot of attention. The SaaS and cloud computing phenomenon points to one major market change — the transition from IT solutions that are designed, deployed and managed by an enterprise IT department to IT solutions that are applied and composed by the enterprise but executed and managed by expert third-party providers. IDC sees this as a step towards greater industrialisation of IT into predictable, dependable, professionally managed, plentiful and agile information resources that can be delivered in a more cost-effective way.”

CRM is a perfect example of how a traditional application can be extended and enhanced by taking advantage of enabling technologies such as geo-coding, GPS, APIs, SOA and map services.

Not only is the application itself richer, but it is now available to smaller businesses as a subscription via SaaS. Working smarter has never been easier.